OasisEye Specialists

Myopic Maculopathy

What is Myopic Maculopathy?

Myopic maculopathy is a condition that affects the retina and macula, which are crucial for central vision, in people with high myopia (severe nearsightedness). This eye condition occurs due to excessive elongation of the eyeball, which stretches and thins the retina, leading to degenerative changes in the macula. This condition can impair vision and, in severe cases, lead to permanent vision loss if untreated.

Comparison_of_normal_vision_and_myopia_showing_eye_anatomy._The_normal_eye_focuses_light_directly_on_the_retina,_while_the_myopic_eye_focuses_light_in_front_of_the_retina,_causing_blurred_distance_vision.

Symptoms

How can you tell if you might have myopic maculopathy? Common symptoms include

Blurry or distorted
central vision
(metamorphopsia)

Difficulty reading or
recognizing faces

Dark or blank spots
in central vision
(scotomas)

Reduced ability to
see fine details

Gradual or sudden
worsening of vision

Who is at risk?


Severe nearsightedness
(greater than -6.00 diopters)

Age-related
degeneration


Prolonged progression
of myopia


Smoking and unhealthy
lifestyle choices

What leads to myopic maculopathy?

High Myopia

Severe elongation of the eyeball stretches and thins the retina, leading to macular damage

Age

Older individuals with high
myopia are more prone to
degenerative changes

Genetics

A family history of high
myopia or macular diseases
increases the risk

Environmental Factors

Extensive near work and lack
of outdoor activities during
childhood may contribute to
high myopia

Prevention

How can you protect your eyes? Preventative measures include

Myopia Control

Use myopia control in younger
individuals methods such as orthokeratology lenses, atropine
eye drops, or specialized glasses

Healthy Lifestyle

● Maintain a balanced diet rich in eye-healthy nutrients (e.g., lutein, zeaxanthin, omega-3)
● Avoid prolonged screen use or near work; follow the 20-20-20 rule

Regular Eye Exams

Early detection of high myopia
can help prevent progression

UV Protection

Wear sunglasses to reduce UV-related damage to the retina

Treatment

What can be done to manage or treat myopic maculopathy?

Anti-VEGF Injections

These injections help reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage

Photodynamic therapy (PDT)

● PDT involves injecting a light-sensitive drug (verteporfin) and activating it with laser light to seal leaking blood vessels.

● Vitrectomy may be considered if retinal detachment or macular holes occur

Vision Aids

Low vision aids and
rehabilitation in cases of
severe vision loss

Close Monitoring

Regular follow-ups with an
eye specialist to track
changes in the macula

Note: Early diagnosis and treatment can slow progression and reduce vision loss risk.