In most cases, Retinitis Pigmentosa is caused by changes in genes that control the cells in the retina. RP is usually due to genetic inheritance and can be linked to many genes in our body. It can also occur as part of other genetic conditions, such as Usher syndrome, which causes both vision and hearing loss and can lead to difficulty in balancing.
A comprehensive dilated eye examination is required in order to diagnose Retinitis Pigmentosa. Clinical tests such as visual field testing, electroretinography (ERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus autofluorescence imaging (AF) can also be used to diagnose RP. Genetic testing can also be done to determine the type of RP a patient has, which is important for family planning since RP is a genetically inherited disorder.
Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for Retinitis Pigmentosa. However, low vision aids and visual rehabilitation programs provided by low vision specialists can help RP patients improve their quality of life. Researchers are studying gene and cell therapies as potential future treatments for RP.
If you are experiencing any symptoms related to Retinitis Pigmentosa, we recommend visiting a retinal specialist at our centre. A retinal specialist will be able to determine if any diagnostic tests are necessary to rule out any abnormalities. Additionally, we offer genetic testing at our centre.
While RP currently has no complete cure, specialized retina clinics like OasisEye Specialists offer advanced diagnostic evaluations, genetic testing for family planning, and low vision aids/rehabilitation programs to maximize remaining vision.
Because RP is an inherited condition caused by genetic mutations, genetic testing identifies the exact gene defect. This is critical for understanding disease progression and providing accurate genetic counseling for family planning.
You should schedule a consultation with a vitreoretinal specialist who can perform comprehensive diagnostic tests such as OCT, fundus autofluorescence, and electroretinography (ERG).
No, complete total blindness from Retinitis Pigmentosa is very rare. Because RP primarily attacks rod cells (which control night and peripheral vision) first, central vision is typically preserved for many years. While most patients experience progressive tunnel vision or legal blindness over time, the vast majority retain some degree of central vision and light perception well into later life.
While lifestyle changes cannot stop the genetic progression of RP, certain supportive measures can protect your remaining functional vision. Ophthalmologists often recommend wearing UV-blocking sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats to minimize light damage, utilizing blue-light screen protectors, and keeping up with regular check-ups to manage secondary complications like cataracts or macular swelling. Always consult your retinal specialist before taking high-dose vitamin supplements (such as Vitamin A), as specific variants of RP react differently to supplementation.
