Retina

Retinal diseases refer to a range of conditions affecting the retina—the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that is essential for vision—and include common disorders such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment, all of which can lead to partial or complete vision loss if left untreated. These conditions may affect central or peripheral vision and often present with symptoms like blurred or distorted vision, floaters, flashes of light, or sudden vision loss, although some may develop silently in the early stages.

Risk factors such as aging, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking further increase susceptibility, making regular eye examinations especially important. Diagnosis typically involves advanced imaging techniques like Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and retinal photography, while treatment options vary depending on the condition and severity, ranging from intravitreal injections and laser therapy to surgical procedures such as vitrectomy, all aimed at preserving vision, preventing progression, and managing underlying causes effectively.